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Heart Failure: Difference between revisions
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=== Symptoms === | === Symptoms === | ||
{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="float: right" align="left" width="450" | |||
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| colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 0; background-color: white;" | '''Table 2. NYHA functional classification''' | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" style="border-top: 0; border-bottom: 0; background-color: white;" | | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2" style="border-top: 0; background-color: white;" | '''Severity based on symptoms and physical activity''' | |||
|- | |||
| width="100" valign="top" style="border-bottom: 0; background-color: #CCCCFF; border-right: 0;" | '''Class I''' | |||
| width="350" style="border-bottom: 0; width: 350; background-color: #CCCCFF; border-left: 0;" | No limitation of physical activity. Ordinary physical activity does not cause undue fatigue, palpitation, or dyspnoea. | |||
|- | |||
| width="100" valign="top" style="border-bottom: 0; background-color: white; border-right: 0; border-top: 0;" | '''Class II''' | |||
| width="350" style="border-bottom: 0; width: 350; background-color: white; border-left: 0; border-top: 0;" | Slight limitation of physical activity. Comfortable at rest, but ordinary physical activity results in fatigue, palpitation, or dyspnoea. | |||
|- | |||
| width="100" valign="top" style="border-bottom: 0; background-color: #CCCCFF; border-right: 0; border-top: 0;" | '''Class III''' | |||
| width="350" style="border-bottom: 0; width: 350; background-color: #CCCCFF; border-left: 0; border-top: 0;" | Marked limitation of physical activity. Comfortable at rest, but less than ordinary activity results in fatigue, palpitation, or dyspnoea. | |||
|- | |||
| width="100" valign="top" style=" background-color: white; border-right: 0; border-top: 0;" | '''Class IV''' | |||
| width="350" style="width: 350; background-color: white; border-left: 0; border-top: 0;" | Unable to carry on any physical activity without discomfort. Symptoms at rest. If any physical activity is undertaken, discomfort is increased. | |||
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HF can manifest with a multitude of different symptoms, but shortness of breath and tiredness are the most characteristic. Other symptoms include: | HF can manifest with a multitude of different symptoms, but shortness of breath and tiredness are the most characteristic. Other symptoms include: | ||
* Orthopnoea | * Orthopnoea | ||
| Line 99: | Line 119: | ||
* Palpitations | * Palpitations | ||
* Syncope | * Syncope | ||
In general, correlation between the severity of symptoms and the severity of HF is weak (guidelines). The New York Heart Association functional classification is used most frequently to classify the severity of HF ( | In general, correlation between the severity of symptoms and the severity of HF is weak (guidelines). The New York Heart Association functional classification is used most frequently to classify the severity of HF (Table 2). | ||
===== Physical examination ===== | ===== Physical examination ===== | ||