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Myocardial and Pericardial Disease: Difference between revisions
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Myocardial and Pericardial Disease (view source)
Revision as of 15:20, 17 April 2012
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=== Ischemic cardiomyopathy === | === Ischemic cardiomyopathy === | ||
==== Alcohol ==== | ==== Alcohol ==== | ||
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!Direct Toxic Effects<br /> | |||
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* Uncoupling of the excitation-contraction system | |||
* Reduced calcium sequestration in sarcoplasmic reticulum | |||
* Inhibition of sarcolemmal ATP-dependent Na+/K+ pump | |||
* Reduction in mitochondrial respiratory ratio | |||
* Altered substrate uptake | |||
* Increased interstitial-extracellular protein synthesis | |||
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!Toxic Effect of Metabolites<br /> | |||
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| | |||
* Acetaldehyde | |||
* Ethyl esters | |||
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!Nutritional or Trace Metal Deficiencies<br /> | |||
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| | |||
* Thiamine | |||
* Selenium | |||
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!Electrolyte Disturbances<br /> | |||
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| | |||
* Hypomagnesemia | |||
* Hypokalemia | |||
* Hypophosphatemia | |||
|} | |||
Long-term alcohol abuse, >80g of alcohol per day (equivalent to 1 liter of wine) for more than 5 years, may lead to a dilated form of cardiomyopathy. Alcohol-induced dilated cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, accounting for approximately 50% of cases. Most probably genetic predisposition for DCM plays an important role, as excess alcohol consumptions prevails far more often than alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). Both the direct toxic effects of ethanol and its metabolites, as well as frequently occurring concomitant deficiencies of vitamins, minerals or electrolytes may adversely affect myocardial function (TABLE). | Long-term alcohol abuse, >80g of alcohol per day (equivalent to 1 liter of wine) for more than 5 years, may lead to a dilated form of cardiomyopathy. Alcohol-induced dilated cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, accounting for approximately 50% of cases. Most probably genetic predisposition for DCM plays an important role, as excess alcohol consumptions prevails far more often than alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM). Both the direct toxic effects of ethanol and its metabolites, as well as frequently occurring concomitant deficiencies of vitamins, minerals or electrolytes may adversely affect myocardial function (TABLE). | ||