Atherosclerosis: Difference between revisions

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 ==== ''Diet'' ====
-Several studies suggest that diet, more specifically intake of fruit and vegetable can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. In the INTERHEART study, lack of daily consumption of fruits and vegetables was responsible for 14% of the population-attributable risk of a first MI. Another meta-analysis study showed that additional daily portion of fruit reduced the risk of stroke by 11%, but no such effect was found with vegetable consumption.  Another form of diet such as high fiber consumption can also relatively reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke compared to low fiber consumption. In addition, the Hale project has shown that Mediterranean-styled diet as primary prevention for CVD among elderly aged 70-90 without CVD significantly reduces all-cause, coronary heart disease and CVD mortality.<br />
+A healthy diet reduces CVD risk. In general, when following the rules for a healthy diet, no dietary supplements are needed.  N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption mainly from oily ﬁsh, is potentially associated with beneﬁcial effects on cardiac risk factors, notably reduction in triglycerides but not all randomized, controlled trials have shown reductions in CV events Thus current recommendations are to increase PUFA intake through ﬁsh consumption, rather than from supplements.  Recently, the largest study ever conducted with a so-called ‘Mediterranean’ diet, supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts, reduced the incidence of major cardiovascular events in patients at high risk of CV events but without prior CV disease.<cite>Estruch</cite>
 ==== ''Alcohol consumption'' ====